Gour Lab — Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Rewriting what a
neutrophil can be.

We're a lab that follows where the science takes us (love surprises!!).

Principal Investigator — Naina Gour, PhD

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Research

Two questions we can't put down.

Most of our time goes to two projects that look unrelated and, honestly, kind of are. One is about a cell — the neutrophil — that keeps behaving in ways its reputation can't explain. The other is about a receptor for itch that we found driving skin cancer. What ties them together is a soft spot for biology that turns up where it doesn't belong.

The main focus — Neutrophils

The things neutrophils aren't supposed to do

Neutrophils are the body's first responders: fast, everywhere, and — for most of the last century — written off as blunt instruments that rush in, kill the invading pathogen, and die. We keep finding that this is too simple. Cues — for example, neuropeptides — can coax a neutrophil into a calmer, repair-leaning state instead of an inflammatory one. We want to understand the versatile behaviors of neutrophils during sterile and non-sterile inflammation.

Published

A neuropeptide–GPCR signal that pushes neutrophils toward a repair-leaning "alternative" state during inflammation.

Ongoing

Neuropeptides and neutrophils in type 2 immunity — how these cells behave in allergic and barrier settings.

Ongoing

Other neuropeptides and non-canonical molecules that neutrophils respond to, or carry, when we didn't expect them to.

A separate thread — Melanoma

An itch receptor that drives melanoma

This one started as a genuine surprise. MRGPRX4 is a receptor best known for making you itch — it sits on a small set of sensory neurons and normally responds to bile acids. We found it switched on in melanoma, and specifically in the most invasive, treatment-resistant tumor cells. We're trying to understand how this receptor, otherwise silenced in melanocytes, becomes poised during oncogenesis.

Preprint, 2026 · bioRxiv

A few threads run through all of it:

Plasticity

Neutrophil fate & polarization

We map molecular switches that dictate their polarization between inflammatory and reparative states.

Neuro-immune

Neuropeptides from neurons or self-sources

Sensory neurons and neuropeptides — acting through GPCRs like the MRGPR family — instruct immune cell fates. We trace those circuits.

Mucosal

Type 2 & barrier immunity

At the body's barriers, neutrophils set the tone of allergic and airway disease.

An itch receptor that drives cancer. A cell built to destroy that turns out to heal. We're drawn to unexpected biology.

Selected work

Publicationsyourdid it

1,882
Citations
15
h-index
17
i10-index
24
Publications
The humans

Who's actually doing this.

Naina Gour NG
Principal Investigator
Naina Gour, PhD
Assistant Professor · Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery · Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

Naina earned her PhD in Immunology at the University of Cincinnati, where she studied innate immune pathways in asthma and allergy. During her postdoctoral training in Neuroscience at Johns Hopkins, she investigated neuropeptide⁺ neutrophils in inflammation and identified a novel GPCR driver of metastatic melanoma.

Ina Sulkaj IS
Ina Sulkaj, PhD
Postdoctoral Fellow
Nikki Singh NS
Nikki Singh, BSc
Research Technician
Camilla Melegari CM
Camilla Melegari, MD
Pulmonary & Critical Care Fellow
Sarah Thomas ST
Sarah Thomas, ScM
Student Researcher
Lajoie Lab LL
Two labs, one freezer
Off the clock

Side quests

The lab is more than experiments. Fun photos landing here soon.

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Join the lab

The lab is young, join us!

We're looking for people who are genuinely curious about science. If you're interested in what we do, reach out.

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